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Here are a range of resources on the impacts of colonisation and urban migration on Māori health. You can also check the Nursing Subject guide box on Cultural Safety, Māori health models and more
Ebooks
Metge, J. (2021).A New Maori Migration: Rural and Urban Relations in Northern New Zealand(1st ebook edition.). Routledge.
Chapter in an ebook
Poata-Smith, E. T. (2015). Inequality and Maori. In M.Rashbrooke (Ed.) Inequality : a New Zealand crisis. (pp.148-164).
Journal articles
Curtis, E., Jones, R., Willing, E., Anderson, A., Paine, S.-J., Herbert, S., Loring, B., Dalgic, G., & Reid, P. (2023). Indigenous adaptation of a model for understanding the determinants of ethnic health inequities. Discover Social Science and Health, 3(1), 10–10.
Moewaka Barnes, H., & McCreanor, T. (2019). Colonisation, hauora and whenua in Aotearoa. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 49(sup1), 19–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2019.1668439
Reweti, A., Ware, F., & Moriarty, H. (2023). A tangata whenua (people of the land) approach to conceptualising Māori health and wellbeing. Global Health Promotion, 30(2), 11–18.
Government websites
Derby, M. (2011, March 22). Māori urban migration. In Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand. https://teara.govt.nz/en/maori-pakeha-relations/page-5
Lange, R. (2014, May 5). Te hauora Māori i mua - history of Māori health. Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand. https://teara.govt.nz/en/te-hauora-maori-i-mua-history-of-maori-health
New Zealand Productivity Commission. (2022, June 9). Colonisation, racism and wellbeing. https://www.treasury.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2024-05/pc-inq-fcfa-nzpc-colonisation-racism-wellbeing-final.pdf
Public Health Advisory Committee. (2025). Determining our future - Social, cultural, economic and commercial determinants of wellbeing in Aotearoa New Zealand: Actions to improve our health and wellbeing. Wellington: Ministry of Health. https://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/2025-08/PHAC-determining-our-future-v5.pdf
Waitangi Tribunal. (2023). Hauora: Report on stage one of the Health Services and Outcomes Kaupapa Inquiry: Wai 2575 https://forms.justice.govt.nz/search/Documents/WT/wt_DOC_195476216/Hauora%202023%20W.pdf
Video
Jordan, A. (2016, May 9). White sheep Wairoa documentary. https://youtu.be/_uhdxTDspoo?si=hm4bhJ7dmhvbS16b (A documentary about a group of Māori who came from traditional marae-based backgrounds in Wairoa in the North Island and took the opportunity to train in the Māori Trades Training (MTT) programme in Christchurch - a programme supported by government policies to meet workforce shortages in cities in the 1960s. They share how they coped with the stark cultural differences. Provides insight into the impact of Māori urban migration in the 1960s.